Geological Information System and Coordinate System

Geological Information System (GIS) is tools to make and use spatial data /information.And then what kind of tools ? Tools means that computer system which has six function,are collecting,maintenance,storage,analysis,output,and distribution spatial data /information.Hardware for GIS must has large capacity storage,fast,high quality,and large display.Software for GIS include mapinfo,global mapper,Arc GIS,ect.
We need GIS because nowadays human population and technology have been challanged by human resource full filling which positioned in substantial limit.
 Coordinate System is a part of GIS.To identificate spatial data,GIS must be completed by coordinate system.Coordinate system give exact location in the world by number.Coordinate system divide into two kinds,are latitude - longitude and Universal Transverse Mercator (UTM).

Latitude - longitude is an angular system.Latitude compared paralel with equator and longitude compared paralel with meridian.
Universal Transverse Mercator (UTM) is rectangular system which based on latitude - longitude system,convert degree to be range and coordinates are representated by meter.UTM give us "false" number of coordinate.Earth divide into 60 zones of UTM.